| Özet notu |
Lavender belongs to the lamiaceae family and consists of 47 known species. These<br/>species are characterized by their distinct aroma and have been utilized for their<br/>therapeutic properties. The study was aimed to comparatively investigate the botanical,<br/>physicochemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Lavandula dentata,<br/>Lavandula stoechas and Lavandula angustifolia. The various plant extracts were<br/>obtained by maceration in 80% methanol and water, and further screened for the<br/>presence of some secondary metabolites using standard procedures. The total phenolic<br/>and total flavonoid contents were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and AlCl3<br/>assays respectively. The essential oil was extracted using the Clevenger apparatus and<br/>the constituent terpenoids were analyzed using GC-MS. The antioxidant activity of the<br/>extracts and the essential oils was assayed using DPPH free radical. Macroscopically,<br/>the three plant species were characteristically different on the basis of leaves amongst<br/>others. Microscopically, trichomes and stoma of various forms were observed from<br/>the upper and lower epidermis. The moisture content, total and acid insoluble ash<br/>values, hexane, alcohol and water soluble extractive value of the three species were<br/>found to be within the acceptable limit. The % yield of the crude methanol extracts for<br/>Lavandula dentata, Lavandula stoechas and Lavandula angustifolia are 26%, 31.6%<br/>and 27.8%, the % yield of the water extracts were: 17.6%, 22.3%, 15.1% and the %<br/>yield of the essential oils were: 5.17%, 2.16%, and 5.06% respectively as in the above<br/>order. The phytochemical analysis revealed saponins, phenolic groups, tannins,<br/>flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroids and triterpenoids. The total phenolic<br/>contents ranged between 0.1010-0.2483 mg GAE/g for all the test samples. The total<br/>flavonoids ranged between 0.0810-0.1929 mg QE/g. The GC-MS analysis of the<br/>essential oils revealed β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, fenchone, camphor, α-terpineol and<br/>sabinene. The antioxidant activity was expressed in terms of IC50 and on this, the<br/>Lavandula dentata water extract had the highest activity with IC50 of 4.065 mg/mL<br/>and the activity was found to be better than ascorbic acid with IC50 66.35 mg/mL.<br/>The overall results showed that Lavender species contains phytochemicals with<br/>antioxidants activities which justifies their usage in traditional medicine for the<br/>prevention and treatment of diseases whose causes are associated with free radicals. |