Includes bibliographical references (pages 251-271)

-A Introduction: key topics in Global Englishes The historical, social, and political context Who speaks English today- Standard language ideology in the Anglophone world Variation across post-colonial Englishes Pidgin and creole languages- English as an international lingua franca English in Asia and Europe- The future of Global EnglishesB Development: implications and issues- The legacy of colonialism -The English Today debate Standards across- Anglophone space ‘Legitimate’ and ‘illegitimate’ offspring of English Characteristics of pidgin and creole languages -The nature of ELF communication -En route to new standard Englishes Possible future scenariosC Exploration-current debates in global Englishes Postcolonial Africa and North America Teaching and testing global Englishes- Standards across channels ‘Sub’-varieties of English: the example of Singlish Creole developments in the UK and US ELF and education Asian Englishes: focus on India, Hong Kong and China Language killer or language promoter?D Extension: readings in Global Englishes- The discourses of postcolonialism (Alastair Pennycook)- Who owns English today? (Henry G. Widdowson) Is language (still) power in the Inner Circle?- (Lesley Milroy, Alfred Lee and Dennis Bloodworth) -From language to literature (Chinua Achebe and Ngugi wa Thiong’o) -The status of pidgin languages in education (Samuel Atechi)- The challenge of testing ELF (Jennifer Jenkins and Constant Leung) Attitudes to non-native Englishes in China and mainland Europe (Ying Wang, Ulrich Ammon) Looking ahead (Alastair Pennycook)

GLOBAL ENGLISHES