Thesis (MA) - Cyprus International University. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research International Relations Department

Includes bibliography (sheets 55-54)

ABSTRACT
Cyprus has been divided since 1974, and despite numerous efforts to reunite it, no
solution has yet been reached, and the rift is increasing. In light of failed negotiations
and the transformation of Turkish foreign policy, this study aims to analyse Türkiye’s
position in Cyprus under the rule of the Justice and Development Party, precisely its
reversal toward supporting a two-state solution in 2021. In 2002, after to coming to
power, the AKP supported a bizonal, bicommunal federal solution per the Annan plan,
albeit rejected. Nonetheless, following the collapse of Crans-Montana talks in 2017,
Ankara proposed a two-state solution, officially asserted in 2021. Accordingly, this
study aims to answer the following question: why did Türkiye abandon its support for
a federal solution to the Cyprus issue? The Justice and Development Party shifted its
position in Cyprus due to a broader shift in Turkish foreign policy due to emerging
anti-Westernism and a pro-nationalist orientation – demonstrated by the AKP-MHP
coalition – following the 2016 coup attempt. Finally, the 2021 policy shift was
influenced by a geopolitical dimension brought about by the balance of power rivalry
in the eastern Mediterranean region, affecting Türkiye’s perceptions of Cyprus and the
region.
Keywords: AKP, Energy Geopolitics, Federation, Turkish Foreign Policy, Two-state