Includes references.

'The Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the next step into the next generation mobile cellular communication with the main targets of increased data rates, reduced latency and increased spectral efficiency. LTE has proved itself to be more challenging than its other counterpart\'s technologies and it\'s often been referred to as the leap into a new generation technology - fourth Generation (4G). When compared to other existing 4G technologies like Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), it has shown superiority in terms of high mobility, back-ward compatibility with older generations, and also it supports both paired and unpaired spectrum, these factors makes it a dominant network of choice amongst mobile operators today. Starting from this premise, it is vivid that all aspects of LTE topics are worth investigating for both the industrial and academic communities. This work evaluates the performance of the paired used for Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and unpaired used for Time Division Duplex (TDD) spectrum in LTE in terms of mobility, an important factor to consider in mobile cellular networks. This is when a mobile user is moving while active; the user\'s velocity causes a doppler effect, a phase shift in the frequency of the signal transmitted along each signal path which leads to fading. This work characterizes users\' mobility speed based on real-life scenarios average 5 km/h for pedestrian, average 70 km/h for mobile users on vehicle speed and average of 300 km/h for mobile users on high speed train. It has compared the TDD and FDD performance in terms of bit error rate (BER) with respect to signal noise ratios (SNR), a fundamental parameter to access the quality of digital transmission, considering different modulation schemes across different fading channels. Keywords: LTE, 4G, WiMAX, FDD, TDD, SNR, BER'

1 CHAPTER 1

1 INTRODUCTION

3 Targets and Requirements for LTE

4 LTE Performance and Features

5 LTE Basic Concepts

6 Problems Statements

6 Aims of Thesıs

7 Thesis Organization

8 OVERVIEW OF LONG TERM EVOLUTION

10 LTE Network Architecture

11 Functional Description of LTE Network

11 Evolved Universal Terrestial Access Network (E-UTRAN)

12 Evolved Packet Core

15 LTE Physical Layer

16 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)

18 Cyclic Prefix

18 Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)

19 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access(OFDMA)

21 Frame Structure

21 Type-1 Frame Structure

22 Type-2 Frame Structure

24 TDD-FDD Duplex Transmission Modes

24 FDD

24 TDD

25 TDD/FDD Frequency bands

27 TDD versus FDD

27 Physical Layer Downlink

28 Slot Structure and Physical Resources Elements

28 Resources grid

29 Resource blocks

31 Modulation

32 Physical Channels

34 Downlink Channel Processing

37 Physical Signal

37 References Signal

39 Synchronozition Signal

40 Download Multiple Antenna Transmission Modes

42 Downlink Data Transmission

42 Downlink Radio Procedure

45 PROPAGATİON CHANNEL AND MODELS

45 Propagation Channel

47 Standard Channel Models

47 SISO and SIMO Models

48 ITU Channel Model

49 Extended ITU Channel Models

50 MIMO Channel Models

51 ITU Models with Spatial Correlation

52 Spatial Channel Model (SCM)

54 Winner Channel Model

54 SIMULATION MODEL

54 Simulaion Model

57 Bi Error Rate

58 Simulation Parameters

59 RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS

59 Scenario 1

63 Scenario 2

66 Scenario 3

70 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS

70 Conclusion

73 Future Works

74 REFERENCES