Enzymatic decolorization of remazol brilliant blue royal (RB 19) by white rot fungi Afiya Hamisu; Supervisor: Emrah A. Erkurt
Dil: İngilizce Yayın ayrıntıları:Nicosia Cyprus International University 2014Tanım: XI, 84 p. figure, graphic 30.5 cmİçerik türü:- text
- unmediated
- volume
Thesis
| Materyal türü | Geçerli Kütüphane | Koleksiyon | Yer Numarası | Durum | Notlar | İade tarihi | Barkod | Materyal Ayırtmaları | |
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Thesis
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CIU LIBRARY Tez Koleksiyonu | Tez Koleksiyonu | YL 451 H26 2014 (Rafa gözat(Aşağıda açılır)) | Kullanılabilir | Environmental Science Department | T495 |
CIU LIBRARY raflarına göz atılıyor, Raftaki konumu: Tez Koleksiyonu, Koleksiyon: Tez Koleksiyonu Raf tarayıcısını kapatın(Raf tarayıcısını kapatır)
Includes references ( 69-83 p.)
'Abstract Synthetic dyes are widely used in different industries with over 7*105 metric tons produced globally each year. Dyes pose adverse effects including chemical oxygen demand, visual pollution, cytotoxity, genetoxity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity on various types of living oganisms. The versatile white rot fungi (basidiomycetes fungi) have developed specialised ligninolytic enzymes for reductive cleavage of dyes and xenobiotics. The aim of this study was to optimise the decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue Royal (RBBR) dye by enzymatic extract of Coriolus versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus. Experiments were carried out by varying one parameter i.e pH (2.5-6.5), temperature (30ºC-60 ºC), enzyme activity effect, dye concentration (10ml/L - 125mg/L) and time (0-480 minutes) while others constant to study their effects on decolorizatio of RBBR by both extracts of C. versicolor and P. ostratus were pH 4.0 temperature of 30ºC, enzyme of 20U, dye concentrations of 100mg/L and 50mg/L for C. versicolor and P. ostratus respectively at the end of 480 mins. At the optimised conditions, predicted decolorizations of C. versicolor and P. ostratus were 80.42% and 70.42% respectively. Highest laccase activity (19.50U) was detected in Coriolus versicolor compared to Pleurotus ostreatus (1.41U). Key Words: Decolorization, RBBR, Coriolus versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus Özet Sentetik boyalar dünya çapında yılda 7*105 ton üretilmekte ve değişik endüstrilerde sıkça kullanılmaktadırlar. Boyalar yaşayan organizmalar için tehlike arz etmekte ve kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı, görsel kirlilik, cytotoksisite, genotoksisite, mutajenite ve kanser yapıcı özellik gibi tehlike yan etkileri bulunmaktadır. Beyaz kök mantarı (basidomycetes fungi) ile geliştirilen özel ligninolitik enzimler boya malzemeleri ve diğer sentetik kirleticilerin gideriminde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Remazol Brilliant Blue Royal (RBBR) boyar maddesinin renksizleştirilmesi için kullanılan Coriolus versicolor ve Pleurotus osteratus enzimatik proseslerinin optimizasyonudur. Deneyler pH (2.5-6.5), sıcaklık (30ºC-60 ºC), enzim aktivasyon etkisi, boyar madde konsantrasyonu (10-125 mg/L) ve zaman (0-480 dakika) faktörlerinin teker teker giderime olan etkisini incelemek üzere gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, RBBR boyar maddesinin renksizleştirilmesini iki enzimatik proses için de en yüksek verimle sağlayan optimum koşullar pH 4.0, sıcaklık 30ºC, enzim aktivitesi 20U, boyar madde konsantrasyonu 100 mg/L(C. versicolor) ve 50 mg/L(P.ostreatus) ve 480 dakika olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum koşullarda C.versicolor ile %80.42 ve P.ostreatus ile %70.42 boyar madde giderimi sağlanmıştır. En yüksek lakkaz aktitivesi Coriolus versicolor\'da 19.50U olarak gözlenmiş ve Pleurotus ostreatus\'da ise 1.41U olduğu saptanmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Renksizleştirme, RBBR, Coriolus versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus.'
2 CHAPTER 1
2 INTRODUCTION
2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
6 CHAPTER 2
6 LITERATURE REVIEW
6 INTRODUCTION
7 CLASSIFICATION BASED ON CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
7 Nitro dyes
7 Azo Dyes
7 Diphenymethane dyes
8 Triphenylmethane dyes
9 Xanthene Dyes
9 Phthaeleins
9 Indigiod and Thioindigoid dyes
9 ANTHRAQUINOID DYES
10 Sythensis of Anthraquinoid dyes
12 Toxicity Considerations
14 DECOLORAZATION OF TEXTILE WASTEWATERS
14 Physical methods
15 Chemical/physiochemical treatment for textile effluents
17 Advanced Oxidation processes (AOP)
18 BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT FOR TEXTILE EFLUENTS
20 Aerobic treatment
24 Anaerobic treatment
35 Literatures on fungal decolorization
37 Mechanism of fungal decolorization
38 Factors affecting fungal/dye Decolorization and Degradation
42 FUNGAL BIOREACTORS FOR DYE DECOLORATION AND DEGRADATION
42 Rotating Drum,Stirred-Tank and Membranes Bioreactors
43 Packed and Fluidized-Bed Bioreactors
44 Immobilized Bioreactors
45 CHAPTER 3
45 MATERIALS AND METHODS
45 COLLECTION OF FUNGAL CULTURES AND CHEMICALS
46 PREPARATION OF STOCK DYE SOLUTION
47 DYE ABSORPTION WAVELENGTH
47 PREPARATION OF CULTURE MEDIUM
48 ENZYME EXTRACTION
48 DECOLORIZATION STUDIES
49 OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR DECOLORIZATION
49 pH Optimization on Decolorization of RBBR dye
49 Temperature optimization on decoloriztion of RBBR dye
50 Enzyme optimization on Decolorization of RBBR of dye
50 Initial dye Optimization on decoloration of RBBR dye
50 Time optimization on Decolorization of RBBR dye
50 ENZYME ASSAY
52 CHAPTER 4
52 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
52 INTRODUCTION
53 Effect of pH on Decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue royal(RBBR)
56 Effect of Temperature on Decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue royal (RBBR)
58 Effect of Enzyme activity on Decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue royal (RBBR)
61 Effect of time dye concentration on Decoloration of Remazol brilliant blue royal(RBBR)
64 Effect of Time on Decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue royal(RBBR)
66 Enzymes Assay
68 Chapter 5
68 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
68 CONCLUSION
68 RECOMMENDATION
69 REFRENCES