CD var/Includes CD

Includes references(84-87 p.)

ABSTRACT
Electrical energy, is the most essential commodity in human’s daily life. Which is used in residential, industrial and commercial level. Over the past few years the electrical power systems have developed quickly due to rising of demand on electricity to meet the new needs of the modern life, resulted an enormous increase of the number of power plants and transmission lines. Thus electrical power systems are unceasingly exposed to diverse kinds of fault manifestation and unpredicted failures due to numerous reasons, such as lightning strike, storms, snowing, insulation problems and contacts occasioned by nature, birds, animals and other impulses, failure of components in the electrical grid because of human error or aging of that equipment. These phenomena disturb and interrupt the power system operation which impact on the reliability of the system, damage of components, loss of productivity, and consumers experience outage hours which cause huge economic losses.

In this thesis the fault location detection based on impedance method has been instigated by adopting Matlab program and Simulink for fault detection and location of several type of faults which has been conducted successfully for the proposed power system with twenty two buses, seven generator sources which generating the electrical energy, with using twenty five transmission lines which transmitting the electrical energy to the customers, by using fifteen loads with different values of power consuming, through this design of power system, the simulation for detecting all kinds of faults has been done properly, with determining the faulted phases and the type of each fault and the location of the faults for example for (SLGF) for phase A with ground fault the distance found (d=56.7066 Km) from bus 19, (LLF) for Phase B with C fault (d=30.9232 Km) from bus 19, (DLGF) for phase A-C with ground (d=70.2021 Km), and (LLLGF) for phases A,B and C with ground (d=47.9495 Km) these are some examples for the fault locations that has been found but the location of all types of the faults has been detected successfully in the methodology. Moreover the proposed methodology has many economic advantages such as reducing the total cost of the maintenance process through detecting any fault that might happen in the power system easily and quickly, the proposed method is also capable of detecting the location of the faults which accelerate the repairing of the faults, fasten the restoration process, decrease the time required for the maintenance and decrease the cost of the maintenance which lead to minimize the outage period of the power which make the whole power system more stable and more reliable. Moreover an efficient protection system has been designed to detect each kinds of faults, and direct the circuit breaker to trip the power supply immediately after fault occurrence to protect the whole system from the harmful impacts of the unpredicted faults.
Keywords: Power System, Fault Location Detection, Impedance Based Technique.