'ABSTRACT The visual appearance of contemporary cities has changed significantly during last decades. Impetuous growth of urban population, development of modern automobile industry have reasoned of the dramatic growth of car ownership. City streets have been created for human interaction, transformed to the territory of the car. In addition to transportation problems, also traffic has changed the appearance of the city. It is necessary to understand, does traffic have a correlation with aesthetic, cognitive and physical appreciation of urban environment? In consideration of the significance of this question, it is reasonable to explore to which extent traffic effects on the visual perception of contemporary city. In particularly, it is necessary to analyse the ´aesthetic experience´ of traffic, perceptible indicators of townscape (legibility and aesthetic), and to formulate a framework to analysis of case study. The Walled City of Nicosia was chosen as case study. The explanation of such selection includes the presence of two various urban structures within one city, the Walled City is a Historic Core of Nicosia and so-called New City. The limitation and compact size of the Historic Core is explained by its natural physical boundaries (remains of Venetian Walls). It allows to explore and to figure out major existing problems of urban environment. The methodology of current research includes primarily qualitative method, which based on works of classic urban theorists as Jane Jacobs, Gordon Cullen, Kevin Lynch and modern researchers. The research is basically survey, where ´logical argumentation" is used as definition. Current research consists five chapters, including Introduction and Conclusion sections. Firstly, it focuses on the problem of aesthetic of urban environment , then it considers problems of traffic and urban environment. Finally, it is an analysis of case study. Keywords: ´aesthetic experience´, traffic, visual perception, townscape, legibility, ´serial vision´, aesthetic, cognitive map, Walled city of Nicosia'