Includes bibliography(74-80 p.)

'ABSTRACT The concept of Islamophobia is somehow new in the literature but its practices are not new. History has proved that negative feelings and prejudice against Muslims have existed long time before the events of 9/11 but the attacks of 9/11 legitimized these discriminations. This thesis aims to examine the effect of 9/11 on the rise of islamophobia in Europe and United States. The thesis reviews different ways at which islamophobic practices became official in Europe and United States as responses to the attacks of 9/11. The use of immigration policies, media, political parties and physical abuses to demonstrate hatred towards Muslim and Islamic faith became rampant in Europe at the aftermath of 9/11. In United States, some organizations engaged in promoting prejudices against Muslim by providing assistance to promote islamophobia. These practices have changed the perceptions of Americans and Europeans toward Muslims and increase the rate of fear for Islam. This thesis finds out that while some Muslims responded to Islamophobic practices in a friendly way by promoting European culture and supporting social activities. There are also many Muslims who have joined Terrorist organizations in order to fight back the U.S and Europe hatred for Islam.'