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Tez notu: ABSTRACT Pavement deterioration is a result of complex distress as pavement cracking through fatigue under repeated loadings and environmental cycles; deformation of the pavement structure through shearing; and disintegration of materials when mechanical or chemical bonds are broken through weathering, infiltration, or loading. Due to variations in construction and material quality, the age of a pavement structure may not accurately indicate the condition or the performance of the pavement. Pavements or paved roads in most areas especially tropical or sub-tropical are more susceptible to deterioration due to the harsh climatic conditions, lack of proper designs, and quality control, high loads all sum up to the reason for deterioration and these are all needed in identifying distress causes before carrying out maintenance work and rehabilitation. Pavements distress according to how they occur and their nature of occurrence has to be identified properly before any corrective measure is taken. The road network density is generally satisfactory, the total length of Syria’s paved road network is about 30,000 km (2010), of which about 15000 km main roads, the secondary and agricultural road network is about at 18,000 km. The unpaved network is about 3,000 km long. There is also a network of seasonal tracks about 50,000 km. The current road situation of some places in Homs, Syria due to recent events of conflicts and war has left the road rapidly deteriorating. The extent of damage is even more critical on the major roads where higher traffic volumes are excepted, not only have this reduced the level of service it has most importantly increased the number of accident on these highways which is taking away the most principal function of a motorway, safety. This study seeks to proffer solution to this menace. The methodology adopted for this study is the pavement condition index technique. This is done by identifying a suitable location for data collection, and dividing the road segment into four section areas, identifying the defects and severity level, and then proffering suitable solutions and recommendations necessary to revive the road to its original state. Keywords: Pavement Deterioration, Pavement Condition Index, Severity Level, PCI Value, Maintenance and Rehabilitation.